What function do lymphocytes primarily serve in the immune system?

Lymphocytes play a crucial role in the immune system by providing specific immunity. These specialized white blood cells are integral to the body's adaptive immune response, allowing for targeted defense against specific pathogens. Lymphocytes include two main types: B cells and T cells. B cells are responsible for producing antibodies that target specific antigens on pathogens, while T cells help coordinate the immune response and can directly kill infected or cancerous cells. This specific recognition and response are what differentiate lymphocytes from other components of the immune system, such as phagocytes that perform general pathogen clearance or cells involved in inflammatory responses. The primary role of lymphocytes is fundamental in conferring long-lasting immunity, enabling the body to remember and respond more effectively to previously encountered pathogens.